Othandizira mwadzidzidzi monga ozimitsa moto, ma ambulansi ndi apolisi amadalira mauthenga odalirika a njira ziwiri za wailesi pamene moyo ndi katundu zili pangozi.M'nyumba zambiri izi sizovuta nthawi zonse.Mawayilesi mkati mwa nyumba nthawi zambiri amatengeka kapena kutsekedwa ndi zida zazikulu zapansi panthaka, konkriti kapena zitsulo.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zomangika zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikhazikike mokhazikika, monga mawindo agalasi osatulutsa mpweya wochepa, amatsitsa ma siginecha kuchokera pamawayilesi oteteza anthu.Izi zikachitika, zizindikiro zofooka kapena kusakhalapo zimatha kupanga wailesi "zigawo zakufa" m'malo ochita malonda, zomwe zingasokoneze mgwirizano ndi chitetezo pakati pa oyankha oyambirira panthawi yadzidzidzi.
Chotsatira chake, malamulo ambiri otetezera moto tsopano amafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa Emergency Response Communication Enhancement Systems (ERCES) kwa nyumba zamalonda zatsopano ndi zomwe zilipo kale.Makina otsogolawa amakulitsa chizindikiro mkati mwa nyumba, ndikupereka njira ziwiri zoyankhulirana zamawayilesi popanda malo akufa.
"Vuto ndiloti omwe amayankha koyamba amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasiyanasiyana mzinda ndi mzinda, kotero zida za ERCES zidayenera kupangidwa kuti zizikulitsa mayendedwe osankhidwa," atero a Trevor Matthews, manejala wagawo lolumikizirana opanda zingwe la Cosco.chitetezo moto.Zaka zoposa 60 za malonda a moto kuponderezedwa ndi machitidwe otetezera moyo.Kwa zaka zinayi zapitazi, kampaniyo yakhala ikupereka chithandizo chokhazikitsa makina apadera a intercom.
Matthews adawonjezeranso kuti mapangidwe awa nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza mawonekedwe a ERCES kuti aletse ma siginecha kuti asasokoneze ma frequency ena komanso kupewa mikangano ndi FCC, yomwe imatha kupereka chindapusa chachikulu ngati iphwanyidwa.Kuphatikiza apo, makampani nthawi zambiri amayenera kukhazikitsa dongosolo lonse asanapereke chiphaso chotumizira.Kuti akwaniritse masiku omaliza, oyika amadalira OEM ERCES kuti abweretse mwachangu zida zamakina.
Ma ERCES amakono alipo omwe "amasinthidwa" ndi ma OEM pamakina omwe amafunidwa a UHF ndi/kapena VHF.Makontrakitala amathanso kukhathamiritsa zida zam'munda za bandwidth yeniyeni posankha njira.Njirayi imathandizira kutsata malamulo ndi zofunikira zonse, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wonse komanso zovuta pakuyika.
ERCES idayambitsidwa koyamba mu 2009 International Building Code.Malamulo aposachedwa monga IBC 2021 Gawo 916, IFC 2021 Gawo 510, NFPA 1221, 2019 Gawo 9.6, NFPA 1, 2021 Gawo 11.10, ndi 2022 NFPA 1225 Mutu 18 - amafuna kuti nyumba zonse zadzidzidzi zikhale ndi chithandizo chadzidzidzi.kufalitsa mauthenga.
Dongosolo la ERCES limalumikizidwa pamlengalenga ndipo limayendetsedwa ndi oyika omwe amagwiritsa ntchito tinyanga toyang'ana padenga kuti akwaniritse netiweki ya nsanja zawayilesi zachitetezo cha anthu.Mlongoti uwu umalumikizidwa kudzera pa chingwe cha coaxial kupita ku bi-directional amplifier (BDA) yomwe imakweza mulingo wa siginecha kuti ipereke kuphimba kokwanira mkati mwanyumbayo kuti ikwaniritse miyezo yachitetezo chamoyo.BDA imalumikizidwa ndi Distributed Antenna System (DAS), netiweki ya tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayikira mnyumba yonse yomwe imakhala ngati obwereza kuti apititse patsogolo kufalikira kwa ma sign kumadera aliwonse akutali.
M'nyumba zazikulu za 350,000 masikweya mapazi kapena kupitilira apo, ma amplifiers angapo angafunike kuti apereke mphamvu yokwanira yolumikizira dongosolo lonse.Kuphatikiza pa malo apansi, njira zina monga kapangidwe ka nyumba, mtundu wa zida zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kachulukidwe kanyumba zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa amplifiers ofunikira.
M'chilengezo chaposachedwa, COSCO Fire Protection inatumizidwa kuti ikhazikitse ERCES ndi machitidwe otetezera moto ophatikizika ndi chitetezo cha moyo pa malo akuluakulu ogawa DC.Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zamatauni, Cosco Fire idafunika kukhazikitsa ERCES yolumikizidwa ku VHF 150-170 MHz ya dipatimenti yozimitsa moto ndi UHF 450-512 ya apolisi.Nyumbayo idzalandira chiphaso cha ntchito mkati mwa milungu ingapo, kotero kukhazikitsa kuyenera kuchitika posachedwa.
Kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta, Cosco Fire inasankha Fiplex kuchokera ku Honeywell BDA ndi machitidwe a fiber optic DAS kuchokera kwa opanga otsogola opangira malonda otetezera moto ndi machitidwe otetezera moyo.
Dongosolo logwirizana komanso lovomerezekali lapangidwa kuti lizipereka modalirika kupindula kwa RF komanso kubisala popanda phokoso, kukulitsa mphamvu ya ma siginolo a RF anjira ziwiri mkati mwa nyumba, tunnel ndi zina.Dongosololi limapangidwa kuti likwaniritse zofunikira za NFPA ndi IBC/IFC ndi mindandanda ya UL2524 2nd edition.
Malinga ndi a Matthews, chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimasiyanitsa ERCES ndi ena ndi kuthekera kwa OEMs "kuyitanira" chipangizocho ku tchanelo chomwe akugwiritsa ntchito asanatumize.Makontrakitala amathanso kukhathamiritsa kusintha kwa BDA RF pamalowa kuti akwaniritse ma frequency omwe amafunikira pakusankha tchanelo, firmware, kapena bandwidth yosinthika.Izi zimathetsa vuto la kufalikira kwa ma burodibandi m'malo odzaza kwambiri ndi ma RF, zomwe zitha kuyambitsa kusokoneza kwakunja ndikuwonjezera chindapusa cha FCC.
Matthews akuwonetsa kusiyana kwina pakati pa Fiplex BDA ndi ma amplifiers ena a digito: njira yamagulu awiri amitundu yodzipatulira ya UHF kapena VHF.
"Kuphatikizika kwa UHF ndi VHF amplifiers kumathandizira kukhazikitsa chifukwa mumangokhala ndi gulu limodzi m'malo mwa awiri.Zimachepetsanso malo ofunikira a khoma, zofunikira za mphamvu ndi mfundo zomwe zingathe kulephera.Kuyesa kwapachaka nakonso kumakhala kosavuta,” akutero Matthews.
Ndi machitidwe achikhalidwe a ERCES, makampani otetezera moto ndi moyo nthawi zambiri amafunika kugula zigawo za gulu lachitatu kuwonjezera pa ma CD a OEM.
Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito m'mbuyomu, Matthews adapeza kuti "ndizovuta kupeza zida zachikhalidwe za ERCES kuti zigwire ntchito.Tidayenera kutembenukira kwa munthu wina kuti atitengere zosefera zomwe timafunikira chifukwa OEM sinatipatse. ”adanena kuti nthawi yoti alandire zidazo ndi miyezi, ndipo amafunikira milungu.
"Ogulitsa ena atha kutenga masabata a 8-14 kuti alandire amplifier," adatero Matthews."Tsopano titha kupeza ma amps ndikuwayika ndi DAS mkati mwa milungu 5-6.Izi ndizosintha kwa makontrakitala, makamaka pomwe zenera loyika lili lolimba, ”akufotokoza Matthews.
Kwa wokonza mapulani, womanga nyumba, kapena kampani ya uinjiniya akudabwa ngati ERCES ikufunika panyumba yatsopano kapena yomwe ilipo, choyamba ndikufunsana ndi kampani yoteteza moto / moyo yomwe ingathe kuchita kafukufuku wa RF wa malo.
Maphunziro a RF amachitidwa poyesa mulingo wa siginecha ya downlink/uplink mu decibel milliwatts (dBm) pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zoyezera.Zotsatira zidzaperekedwa ku bungwe lomwe liri ndi ulamuliro kuti lizindikire ngati dongosolo la ERCES likufunika kapena kumasulidwa kuli koyenera.
"Ngati ERCES ikufunika, ndi bwino kuyesa pasadakhale kuti muchepetse mtengo, zovuta komanso zosavuta kuziyika.Ngati nthawi ina iliyonse nyumba ikalephera kufufuza kwa RF, kaya nyumbayo ndi 50%, 80%, kapena 100% yamalizidwa, ikani dongosolo la ERCES, ndiye ndibwino kuyesa kuyikako kusanakhale kovutirapo,” adatero Matthews.
Adanenanso kuti pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina poyesa mayeso a RF m'malo monga malo osungiramo zinthu.ERCES sangafunike m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopanda kanthu, koma mphamvu ya chizindikiro m'madera a malowa ikhoza kusintha kwambiri pambuyo pa kuyika ma racks ndi zipangizo zina ndi kuwonjezera katundu.Ngati dongosololi litayikidwa nyumba yosungiramo katunduyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale, kampani yachitetezo chamoto ndi moyo iyenera kugwira ntchito modutsa zida zomwe zilipo ndi aliyense wogwira ntchito.
"Kuyika zigawo za ERCES m'nyumba yotanganidwa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopanda kanthu.Oyika angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira kuti afikire kudenga, zingwe zotetezedwa, kapena kuyika tinyanga, zomwe ndizovuta kuchita mnyumba yogwira ntchito bwino, ”a Matthews.anatero fotokozani.
Ngati kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosololi kumasokoneza kuperekedwa kwa ziphaso zotumizira, kutsekeka kumeneku kumatha kuchedwetsa kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito.
Pofuna kupewa kuchedwa ndi zovuta zaukadaulo, omanga nyumba zamalonda, omanga mapulani ndi makampani opanga uinjiniya amatha kupindula ndi makontrakitala odziwa bwino zofunikira za ERCES.
Ndi kutumiza mwachangu kwa ERCES yapamwamba yokonzedwa ndi OEM ku njira ya RF yomwe mukufuna, kontrakitala woyenerera amatha kuyika ndikuwonjezera zida zama frequency am'deralo posankha njira.Njirayi imafulumizitsa mapulojekiti ndi kutsata, komanso kumapangitsa chitetezo pazochitika zadzidzidzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-10-2023